Questões - ESCOLA NAVAL 2020 | Gabarito e resoluções

Uma mquina trmica realiza a cada ciclo um um trabalho de 8x102J, com uma eficincia de 20%. Considerando que essa mquina opere segundo um ciclo de Carnot, com a fonte fria a uma temperatura de 300K, qual a temperaura da fonte quente e quanto calor cedido para a fonte fria, respectivamente?

(G1 - col. naval - 2020) Precisamos falar sobre fake news Minha me tem 74 anos e, como milhes de pessoas no mundo, faz uso frequente do celular. com ele que, conversando por voz ou por vdeo, diariamente, vence a distncia e a saudade dos netos e netas. Mas, para ela, assim como para milhares e milhares de pessoas, o celular pode ser tambm uma fonte de engano. De vez em quando, por acreditar no que chega por meio de amigos no seu WhatsApp, me envia uma ou outra mensagem contendo uma fake news. A ltima foi sobre um suposto problema com a vacina da gripe que, por um momento, diferente de anos anteriores, a fez desistir de se vacinar. Eu e minha me, como boa parte dos brasileiros, no nascemos na era digital. Nesta sociedade somos os chamados migrantes e, como tais, a tecnologia nos gera um certo estranhamento (e at constrangimento), embora nos fascine e facilite a vida. Sejamos sinceros. Nada nem ningum nos preparou para essas mudanas que revolucionaram a comunicao. Pior: difcil destrinchar o que verdade em tempo de fake news. Um dos maiores estudos sobre a disseminao de notcias falsas na internet, publicado ano passado na revista Science, foi realizado pelo Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts (MIT, na sigla em ingls), dos Estados Unidos, e concluiu que as notcias falsas se espalham 70% mais rpido que as verdadeiras e alcanam muito mais gente. Isso porque as fake news se valem de textos alarmistas, polmicos, sensacionalistas, com destaque para notcias atreladas a temas de sade, seguidas de informaes mentirosas sobre tudo. At pouco tempo atrs, a imprensa era a detentora do que chamamos de produo de notcias. E os fatos obedeciam a critrios de apurao e checagem. O problema que hoje mantemos essa mesma crena, quase que religiosa, junto a mensagens das quais no identificamos sequer a origem, boa parte delas disseminada em redes sociais. Confia-se a ponto de compartilhar, sem questionar. O impacto disso preocupante. Partindo de pesquisas que mostram que notcias e seus enquadramentos influenciam opinies e constroem leituras da realidade, a disseminao das notcias falsas tem criado verses alternativas do mundo, da Histria, das Cincias ao gosto do cliente, como dizem por a. Os problemas gerados esto em todos os campos. No mbito familiar, por exemplo, vai de pais que deixam de vacinar seus filhos a ponto de criar um grave problema de sade pblica de impacto mundial. E passa por jovens vtimas de violncia virtual e fsica. No mundo corporativo, estabelecimentos comerciais fecham portas, profissionais perdem suas reputaes e produtos so desacreditados como resultado de uma foto descontextualizada, uma imagem alterada ou uma legenda falsa. A democracia tambm se fragiliza. O processo democrtico corre o risco de ter sua fora e credibilidade afetadas por boatos. No h um estudo capaz de mensurar os danos causados, mas iniciativas fragmentadas j sinalizam que ela est em risco. Estamos em um novo momento cultural e social, que deve ser entendido para encontrarmos um caminho seguro de convivncia com as novas formas e ferramentas de comunicao. No Congresso Nacional tramitam vrias iniciativas nesse sentido, que precisam ser amplamente debatidas, com a participao de especialistas e representantes da sociedade civil. O problema das fake news certamente passa pelo domnio das novas tecnologias, com instrumentos de combate ao crime, mas, tambm, pela pedagogia do esclarecimento. O que posso afirmar, como presidente do Congresso Nacional, que, embora no saibamos ainda o antdoto que usaremos contra a disseminao de notcias falsas em escala industrial, no passa pela cabea de ningum aceitar a utilizao de qualquer tipo de controle que no seja democrtico. D.A.,O Globo, em 10 de julho de 2019. Em At pouco tempo atrs, a imprensa era a detentora do que chamamos de produo de notcias. E os fatos obedeciam a critrios de apurao e checagem. (6 pargrafo), a forma verbal destacada indica:

Um bloco 1 de massa m liberado do repouso de uma altura H sobre um trilho que tem um trecho o qual descreve uma circunferncia de raio R (conforme apresentado na figura abaixo). Na base do trilho existe um bloco 2, idntico ao bloco 1 e em repouso. De que altura mnima o bloco 1 deve ser abandonado para que, aps ocorrer uma coliso totalmente inelstica com o bloco 2, eles consigam percorrer toda extenso da circunferncia sem se desprenderem dos trilhos? Considere que no h foras dissipativas atuando no sistema. Considere os blocos com dimenses . desprezveis

Um planeta tem dois satlites naturais, A e B, em diferentes rbitas circulares. Sabendo que A orbita a uma distncia rAdo centro do planeta com um perodo de translao T e que a distncia mdia rB, qual a velocidade orbital vBde B em torno do planeta?

(Esc. Naval 2020) Assinale a opo que apresenta uma soluo, em e , do sistema .

(COLGIONAVAL - 2020) Est de acordo com a norma padro da lngua a concordncia do termo destacado no seguinte enunciado do texto: Eu tenhomuitoslivros. Em que opo tal fato tambm ocorre?

(COLGIO NAVAL - 2020) TEXTO PARA A PRXIMA QUESTO: Coronavirus: Venice Carnival closes as Italy imposes Iockdown 23 February 2020 Italian officials have cut short the Venice Carnival as they try to control what is now the worst outbreak of the coronavirus in Europe. Authorities in the Veneto region said the event would end later on Sunday, two days earlier than scheduled. Italy has by far the highest number of coronavirus cases in Europe, with 152. Three people have died. Italy has imposed strict quarantine restrictions in two northern hotspot regions dose to Milan and Venice. About 50,000 people cannot enter or leave several towns in Veneto and Lombardy for the next two weeks without special permission. Even outside the zone, many businesses and schools have suspended activities, and sporting events have been cancelled. The BBCs Mark Lowen described the situation just outside the zone. In neighbouring Austria, a train from Venice was stopped at the Austrian border after it emerged that two passengers had fever symptoms. Austrias Interior Minister Karl Nehammer later confirmed to the BBC that the pair tested negative for coronavirus. All authorities have acted quickly and with great caution in this case, said Mr Nehammer in a statement. The reporting chain worked without delay. Elsewhere, authorities in South Korea and Iran are battling to control rising numbers of infections. South Korea has raised its coronavirus alert to the highest level. The new strain of coronavirus, which originated last year in Hubel province in China, causes a respiratory disease called Covid-19. China has seen more than 76,000 infections and 2,442 deaths. What is happening in Italy? Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte announced on Saturday that extraordinary measures would come into force to try to stem the rising number of coronavirus cases. He said the quarantine restrictions could last for weeks, Police, and if necessary the armed forces, will have the authority to ensure me regulations are enforced. Angelo Borrelli, the head of Italys Civil Protection Department, told reporters that 110 of the confirmed cases were in Lombardy, with 21 in Veneto with others in Emilia-Romagna and Lazio. Officials reported a third death on Sunday, an elderly woman from the town of Crema suffering from cancer. Italian officials say they are still trying to trace the source of the outbreak. Universities in Milan have been closed and the citys mayor, Giuseppe Sala, said schools would also close their doors while the outbreak continued. As a precaution I think that the schools have to be closed in Milan. I will propose to the president of the region to enlarge the precaution to the entire metropolitan city area. It is just a precaution, we dont want to create panic, he said. Meanwhile Giorgio Armanis fashion show, scheduled to be held __________ (I) Milan __________ (II) Sunday, went ahead but without any media or buyers present. The show was live streamed __________ (III) its website, Instagram and Facebook pages. Adapted from: htts://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51602007 Mark the sentence from the text that contains the use of Present Continuous.

Prope-se a realizao de um experimento no qual um resistor de 12,0 est inserido dentro de um bloco de gelo a 0 C. O circuito montado est apresentado na figura abaixo. A bateria tem resistncia interna desprezvel, e o calor latente de fuso para o gelo de 3,34x105J/kg. Sendo assim, qual o valor da taxa (em g/s) em que esse circuito derreter o gelo?

(COLGIO NAVAL - 2020) TEXTO PARA A PRXIMA QUESTO: Coronavirus: Venice Carnival closes as Italy imposes Iockdown 23 February 2020 Italian officials have cut short the Venice Carnival as they try to control what is now the worst outbreak of the coronavirus in Europe. Authorities in the Veneto region said the event would end later on Sunday, two days earlier than scheduled. Italy has by far the highest number of coronavirus cases in Europe, with 152. Three people have died. Italy has imposed strict quarantine restrictions in two northern hotspot regions dose to Milan and Venice. About 50,000 people cannot enter or leave several towns in Veneto and Lombardy for the next two weeks without special permission. Even outside the zone, many businesses and schools have suspended activities, and sporting events have been cancelled. The BBCs Mark Lowen described the situation just outside the zone. In neighbouring Austria, a train from Venice was stopped at the Austrian border after it emerged that two passengers had fever symptoms. Austrias Interior Minister Karl Nehammer later confirmed to the BBC that the pair tested negative for coronavirus. All authorities have acted quickly and with great caution in this case, said Mr Nehammer in a statement. The reporting chain worked without delay. Elsewhere, authorities in South Korea and Iran are battling to control rising numbers of infections. South Korea has raised its coronavirus alert to the highest level. The new strain of coronavirus, which originated last year in Hubel province in China, causes a respiratory disease called Covid-19. China has seen more than 76,000 infections and 2,442 deaths. What is happening in Italy? Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte announced on Saturday that extraordinary measures would come into force to try to stem the rising number of coronavirus cases. He said the quarantine restrictions could last for weeks, Police, and if necessary the armed forces, will have the authority to ensure me regulations are enforced. Angelo Borrelli, the head of Italys Civil Protection Department, told reporters that 110 of the confirmed cases were in Lombardy, with 21 in Veneto with others in Emilia-Romagna and Lazio. Officials reported a third death on Sunday, an elderly woman from the town of Crema suffering from cancer. Italian officials say they are still trying to trace the source of the outbreak. Universities in Milan have been closed and the citys mayor, Giuseppe Sala, said schools would also close their doors while the outbreak continued. As a precaution I think that the schools have to be closed in Milan. I will propose to the president of the region to enlarge the precaution to the entire metropolitan city area. It is just a precaution, we dont want to create panic, he said. Meanwhile Giorgio Armanis fashion show, scheduled to be held __________ (I) Milan __________ (II) Sunday, went ahead but without any media or buyers present. The show was live streamed __________ (III) its website, Instagram and Facebook pages. Adapted from: htts://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51602007 Read the following sentence taken from the text. All authorities have actedquicklyand with great caution. Mark the option that contains a sentence with the same type of adverb underlined in the sentence above.

(COLGIO NAVAL - 2020) Meditation: A simple, fast way to reduce stress Meditation can wipe away the days stress, bringing with it inner peace. See how you can easily learn to practice meditation whenever you need it most. By Mayo Clinic Staff lf stress has you anxious, tense and worried, consider trying meditation. Spending even a few minutes in medilation can restore your calm and inner peace. Anyone can practice meditation. lts simple and inexpensive, and it doesnt require any special equipment. And you can praclice meditation wherever you are - whelher youre out for a walk, riding the bus, waiting ai the doctors aftice or even in the middle of a difficult business meeting. Meditation has been practiced for thousands of years. Meditation originally was meant to help deepen understanding of the sacred and mystical forces of life. These days, meditation is commonly used for relaxalion and stress reduction. Meditation is considered a type of mind-body complementary medicine. Meditation can produce a deep state of relaxation and a tranquil mind. During meditation, you focus your attenlion and eliminate the stream of jumbled thoughts that may be crowding your mind and causing stress. This process may result in enhanced physical and emotional well-being. Benefits of meditation Meditation can give you a sense of calm, peace and balance that can benefit both your emotional well-being and your overall health. And these benefits dont end when your meditation session ends. Meditation can help carry you more calmly through your day and may help you manage symptoms of certain medical conditions. Adapted from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/testsprocedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858 Read the sentence below. Meditation can give you a sense of calm, peace and balance. Mark the option that indicates the correct question for the sentence above.

(ESCOLA NAVAL - 2020) Observe a figura a seguir: Ela apresenta um quadrado ABCD com lado medindo 2 unidades de comprimento(u.c). Sabe-se que G o centro desse quadrado e que CE = 1 u.e o prolongamento do lado BC . Se s1 a rea do tringulo FHC e s2 a rea do tringulo FHG, correto afirmar que a razo s1/s2 igual a:

Considere inicialmente um capacitor no vcuo com placas paralelas, de rea A, separadas por uma distncia d. A seguir inserido um material, com constante dieltrica k e espessura a, paralelamente entre suas placas, conforme figura abaixo. Determine a capacitncia desse segundo arranjo em funo da capacitncia inicial Co(com vcuo entre as placas) e os dados a, d e k e marque a opo correta

(COLGIO NAVAL - 2020) John: I am about to fall asleep, I need to stay awake! Katie: I _________ you some coffee. Complete the dialogue with the right option.

(COLGIO NAVAL - 2020) Coronavirus: Venice Carnival closes as Italy imposes Iockdown 23 February 2020 Italian officials have cut short the Venice Carnival as they try to control what is now the worst outbreak of the coronavirus in Europe. Authorities in the Veneto region said the event would end later on Sunday, two days earlier than scheduled. Italy has by far the highest number of coronavirus cases in Europe, with 152. Three people have died. Italy has imposed strict quarantine restrictions in two northern hotspot regions dose to Milan and Venice. About 50,000 people cannot enter or leave several towns in Veneto and Lombardy for the next two weeks without special permission. Even outside the zone, many businesses and schools have suspended activities, and sporting events have been cancelled. The BBCs Mark Lowen described the situation just outside the zone. In neighbouring Austria, a train from Venice was stopped at the Austrian border after it emerged that two passengers had fever symptoms. Austrias Interior Minister Karl Nehammer later confirmed to the BBC that the pair tested negative for coronavirus. All authorities have acted quickly and with great caution in this case, said Mr Nehammer in a statement. The reporting chain worked without delay. Elsewhere, authorities in South Korea and Iran are battling to control rising numbers of infections. South Korea has raised its coronavirus alert to the highest level. The new strain of coronavirus, which originated last year in Hubel province in China, causes a respiratory disease called Covid-19. China has seen more than 76,000 infections and 2,442 deaths. What is happening in Italy? Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte announced on Saturday that extraordinary measures would come into force to try to stem the rising number of coronavirus cases. He said the quarantine restrictions could last for weeks, Police, and if necessary the armed forces, will have the authority to ensure me regulations are enforced. Angelo Borrelli, the head of Italys Civil Protection Department, told reporters that 110 of the confirmed cases were in Lombardy, with 21 in Veneto with others in Emilia-Romagna and Lazio. Officials reported a third death on Sunday, an elderly woman from the town of Crema suffering from cancer. Italian officials say they are still trying to trace the source of the outbreak. Universities in Milan have been closed and the citys mayor, Giuseppe Sala, said schools would also close their doors while the outbreak continued. As a precaution I think that the schools have to be closed in Milan. I will propose to the president of the region to enlarge the precaution to the entire metropolitan city area. It is just a precaution, we dont want to create panic, he said. Meanwhile Giorgio Armanis fashion show, scheduled to be held __________ (I) Milan __________ (II) Sunday, went ahead but without any media or buyers present. The show was live streamed __________ (III) its website, Instagram and Facebook pages. Adapted from: htts://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51602007 Read the following sentence taken from the text. Italian officials have cut short the Venice Carnival as they try to control what is now the worst outbreak of the coronavirus in Europe. Mark the adjective that forms its superlative the same way as the underlined word.

(COLGIO NAVAL - 2020) Read the sentence below. He feels like eating a lot of ice cream on Friday. Change the sentence to Simple Past tense and negative form. Then, mark the correct option.